Grant Number:	4R01CA175209-04 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Shadel, William
Organization:	Rand Corporation
Project Title:	Reducing the Effect of Tobacco Powerwall Displays at Retail Point-of-Sale
Fiscal Year:	2016

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA; 2009) gave the FDA authority to regulate how tobacco products are advertised. Ongoing legal challenges by the tobacco industry make it difficult to know precisely what kinds of tobacco advertising and marketing regulations will ultimately be permitted. The success of overcoming legal challenges and implementing any TCA-driven advertising regulations is dependent, in part, on the extent to which a given regulatory approach is supported by a strong evidence base. One of the thorniest issues in this regard is how to best regulate retail Point-of-Sale (POS) tobacco advertising. POS advertising includes indoor and outdoor billboard advertising, and prominent, expansive displays of many different types of tobacco products at the POS location (i.e., the tobacco power wall display). The TCA offers broad guidance for states and local communities to regulate the time, place, and manner of advertising at POS, but there is little specific information available as to how to regulate the POS environment to most effectively reduce its effects on adolescent smoking. The overall aim of this research is to experimentally evaluate the extent to which the location of tobacco power wall displays (Study 1) and inclusion of anti-tobacco messages at POS (Study 2) influence tobacco use risk in a middle and high school students (ages 11-17). As part of this project, we will construct an experimental POS convenience store that "sells" tobacco products in addition to other products typically found in such stores (e.g., soda, water, candy, etc.). This experimental POS retail store, or store lab, will allow us to manipulate key ingredients of the POS retail environment, including placement of tobacco power wall displays and presence of anti-tobacco posters, in a highly controlled, but externally and ecologically valid way. In both studies, participants will enter the store lab and spend 4 minutes picking out and "purchasing" $5 worth of (non-tobacco) products in the store. After exiting the store, they will complete items that tap into their tobacco use risk (cigarette smoking risk and smokeless tobacco risk). Study 1 will evaluate the effects of tobacco power wall display location on tobacco use risk by manipulating power wall display location within the POS environment in a between subjects design. The locations that will be compared are: behind the cashier (cashier); side-wall display, away from cashier (side-wall); and display hidden from view (hidden). Study 2 will examine the effects of including anti-tobacco use posters in the POS environment to examine their effects on tobacco use risk in a between subjects design. The anti-tobacco poster conditions that will be compared are: no poster (none); a small poster at the cash register (cash register); a large poster on the tobacco power wall display (power wall); and posters at the cash register and on the power wall (combined). We will also examine psychosocial mediators of any observed experimental effects of store lab structure on tobacco use risk. Advancing an understanding of how to best reduce the effect of tobacco wall displays at POS will inform regulatory science designed to reduce adolescent tobacco use.




Graphic health warning posters increase some adolescents' future cigarette use susceptibility by changing normative perceptions of smoking: A case of mediated moderation.
Authors: Dunbar M.S. , Setodji C.M. , Martino S.C. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 2019 Nov; 33(7), p. 649-658.
EPub date: 2019-08-19.
PMID: 31424243
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An exponential effect persistence model for intensive longitudinal data.
Authors: Setodji C.M. , Martino S.C. , Dunbar M.S. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Psychological methods, 2019 Oct; 24(5), p. 622-636.
EPub date: 2019-04-18.
PMID: 30998040
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Exposure to the Tobacco Power Wall Increases Adolescents' Willingness to Use E-cigarettes in the Future.
Authors: Dunbar M.S. , Martino S.C. , Setodji C.M. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2019-09-19; 21(10), p. 1429-1433.
PMID: 29868869
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Placing Antismoking Graphic Warning Posters at Retail Point-of-Sale Locations Increases Some Adolescents' Susceptibility to Future Smoking.
Authors: Shadel W.G. , Martino S.C. , Setodji C. , Dunbar M. , Kusuke D. , Lanna S. , Meyer A. .
Source: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2019-01-04; 21(2), p. 220-226.
PMID: 29253208
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Increased attention to the tobacco power wall predicts increased smoking risk among adolescents.
Authors: Martino S.C. , Setodji C.M. , Dunbar M.S. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Addictive behaviors, 2019 Jan; 88, p. 1-5.
EPub date: 2018-07-31.
PMID: 30098502
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How do tobacco power walls influence adolescents? A study of mediating mechanisms.
Authors: Setodji C.M. , Martino S.C. , Gong M. , Dunbar M.S. , Kusuke D. , Sicker A. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2018 Feb; 37(2), p. 188-193.
EPub date: 2017-11-20.
PMID: 29154602
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Zonnic®: a new player in an old field.
Authors: Gong M. , Dunbar M.S. , Setodji C. , Shadel W.G. .
Source: Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2017-09-06; 12(1), p. 40.
EPub date: 2017-09-06.
PMID: 28877727
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Hiding the tobacco power wall reduces cigarette smoking risk in adolescents: using an experimental convenience store to assess tobacco regulatory options at retail point-of-sale.
Authors: Shadel W.G. , Martino S.C. , Setodji C.M. , Scharf D.M. , Kusuke D. , Sicker A. , Gong M. .
Source: Tobacco control, 2015-11-23; , .
EPub date: 2015-11-23.
PMID: 26598502
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