Grant Number:	1R01CA192849-01A1 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Bricker, Jonathan
Organization:	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Project Title:	Randomized Trial of an Innovative Smartphone Intervention for Smoking Cessation
Fiscal Year:	2015

¿ DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is tremendous need for smoking cessation intervention technologies with strong potential population-level impact at the lowest possible cost. That potential can be found in the newest technological innovation in quit smoking interventions: smartphone-based smoking cessation software applications ("apps"). There are over 400 smoking cessation apps, which were downloaded in the United States 3.2 million times during the two-year period 2012 to 2013. No trials of any app's effectiveness for general adult cessation have been published and no NIH-funded cessation intervention trials are in progress-despite the fact this is a high priority NIH funding topic. The enormous usage of smoking cessation apps contrasted with their unknown effectiveness creates a serious scientific gap that could stifle their population-level impact. Research on US Clinical Practice Guidelines (USCPG) apps begins to address that research gap. But only following the USCPG has had limitations in other modalities of delivery. An approach, called Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), addresses these limitations with both innovative intervention content and highly promising results from six published trials. ACT's innovation is its dual focus on increasing willingness to experience physical cravings, emotions, and thoughts that cue smoking while making values-guided committed behavior changes. We recently developed the first ACT app for smoking cessation, called "SmartQuit," and tested it in a pilot randomized controlled trial (N 196), comparing it with an app that follows USCPG (National Cancer Institute's "QuitGuide"). Results showed that SmartQuit had: (1) higher participant engagement and satisfaction than QuitGuide, (3) higher levels of acceptance of cravings than QuitGuide, and (3) descriptively higher quit rates (albeit non-significant) than QuitGuide at the two-month follow-up. Building on these promising results, we propose a fully-powered three-arm randomized controlled trial (n = 811 per arm) that compares SmartQuit to QuitGuide and each app to the NCI's Clearing the Air booklet, which follows the USCPG, to definitively determine whether (1) an USCPG app is more efficacious than a USCPG self-help booklet; (2) an ACT app is more efficacious than a USCPG booklet; (3) an ACT app is more efficacious than a USCPG app. As millions of people are choosing smartphone apps to help them quit smoking, this innovative study shows exciting promise for improving the success rates of quit smoking apps and thereby lowering healthcare costs and reducing premature tobacco-related deaths.




Do Smartphone Apps Impact Long-Term Smoking Cessation for Sexual and Gender Minority Adults? Exploratory Results from a 2-Arm Randomized Trial Comparing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Standard US Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Matthews A.K. , Skinta M.D. , Thrul J. , Vogel E.A. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Journal Of Homosexuality, 2024-02-02 00:00:00.0; , p. 1-22.
EPub date: 2024-02-02 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38305816
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Do medications increase the efficacy of digital interventions for smoking cessation? Secondary results from the iCanQuit randomized trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , David S.P. , Schmitz J. , Stotts A. , Rigotti N.A. .
Source: Addiction (abingdon, England), 2023-11-27 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2023-11-27 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38009551
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Use of e-Cigarettes in Cigarette Smoking Cessation: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Jmir Mhealth And Uhealth, 2023-11-09 00:00:00.0; 11, p. e48896.
EPub date: 2023-11-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37943594
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Efficacy of smartphone applications to help cancer patients quit smoking: Protocol of the Quit2Heal randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Westmaas J.L. , Ostroff J.S. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Santiago-Torres M. .
Source: Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2023-04-09 00:00:00.0; 129, p. 107180.
EPub date: 2023-04-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37040817
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Can a Single Variable Predict Early Dropout From Digital Health Interventions? Comparison of Predictive Models From Two Large Randomized Trials.
Authors: Bricker J. , Miao Z. , Mull K. , Santiago-Torres M. , Vock D.M. .
Source: Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 2023-01-20 00:00:00.0; 25, p. e43629.
EPub date: 2023-01-20 00:00:00.0.
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Smartphone Applications for Cessation of Tobacco Use among Adults with High Nicotine Dependence: Results from the iCanQuit Randomized Trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Rigotti N.A. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Substance Use & Misuse, 2023; 58(3), p. 354-364.
EPub date: 2023-01-23 00:00:00.0.
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Efficacy of Web-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Helping Black Adults Quit Smoking.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Kwon D.M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Ahluwalia J.S. , Alexander A.C. , Nollen N.L. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Journal Of Racial And Ethnic Health Disparities, 2022-11-21 00:00:00.0; , .
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PMID: 36414931
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Web-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for smoking cessation: Is it engaging and efficacious for US Hispanic/Latinx adult smokers?
Authors: Kwon D.M. , Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Zvolensky M.J. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Preventive Medicine Reports, 2022 Oct; 29, p. 101952.
EPub date: 2022-08-19 00:00:00.0.
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Can a smartphone application help Hispanic/Latinx adults quit smoking? A randomized trial secondary analysis.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Zvolensky M.J. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Journal Of Contextual Behavioral Science, 2022 Oct; 26, p. 261-270.
EPub date: 2022-11-08 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36437818
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Efficacy of smartphone applications for smoking cessation in heavy-drinking adults: Secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Zvolensky M.J. , Kahler C.W. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Addictive Behaviors, 2022 09; 132, p. 107377.
EPub date: 2022-05-23 00:00:00.0.
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Smoking Cessation Smartphone App Use Over Time: Predicting 12-Month Cessation Outcomes in a 2-Arm Randomized Trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Mull K.E. , Santiago-Torres M. , Miao Z. , Perski O. , Di C. .
Source: Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 2022-08-18 00:00:00.0; 24(8), p. e39208.
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Efficacy of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based smartphone application for helping rural populations quit smoking: Results from the iCanQuit randomized trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Ferketich A. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2022-03-04 00:00:00.0; , p. 107008.
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Efficacy and utilization of smartphone applications for smoking cessation among low-income adults: Secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Kendzor D.E. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Drug And Alcohol Dependence, 2022-02-01 00:00:00.0; 231, p. 109258.
EPub date: 2021-12-31 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35026491
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Efficacy and utilization of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based smartphone application for smoking cessation among Black adults: secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Kwon D. , Nollen N.L. , Zvolensky M.J. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Addiction (abingdon, England), 2021-12-09 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2021-12-09 00:00:00.0.
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Smartphone applications for intervening on addictive behaviors: efficacy is just one phase of the marathon.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , McAfee T. .
Source: Addiction (abingdon, England), 2021 12; 116(12), p. 3284-3285.
EPub date: 2021-06-28 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34184335
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Mechanisms of Smartphone Apps for Cigarette Smoking Cessation: Results of a Serial Mediation Model From the iCanQuit Randomized Trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Levin M. , Lappalainen R. , Mull K. , Sullivan B. , Santiago-Torres M. .
Source: Jmir Mhealth And Uhealth, 2021-11-09 00:00:00.0; 9(11), p. e32847.
EPub date: 2021-11-09 00:00:00.0.
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Efficacy and Utilization of Smartphone Applications for Smoking Cessation among American Indians and Alaska Natives: Results from the iCanQuit Trial.
Authors: Santiago-Torres M. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Kwon D.M. , Nez Henderson P. , Nelson L.A. , Patten C.A. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal Of The Society For Research On Nicotine And Tobacco, 2021-10-13 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2021-10-13 00:00:00.0.
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Efficacy of Smartphone Applications for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Watson N.L. , Mull K.E. , Sullivan B.M. , Heffner J.L. .
Source: Jama Internal Medicine, 2020-09-21 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2020-09-21 00:00:00.0.
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A Smartphone App Designed to Help Cancer Patients Stop Smoking: Results From a Pilot Randomized Trial on Feasibility, Acceptability, and Effectiveness.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Watson N.L. , Heffner J.L. , Sullivan B. , Mull K. , Kwon D. , Westmaas J.L. , Ostroff J. .
Source: Jmir Formative Research, 2020-01-17 00:00:00.0; 4(1), p. e16652.
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Design and Development of Smoking Cessation Apps Based on Smokers' and Providers' Perspectives in China: Survey Study.
Authors: Xu J. , Bricker J. , Fu X. , Su C. , Wang P. , Qi T. , Cheng F. .
Source: Jmir Mhealth And Uhealth, 2019-10-04 00:00:00.0; 7(10), p. e12200.
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Authors: Watson N.L. , Heffner J.L. , Mull K.E. , McClure J.B. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 2019-06-19 00:00:00.0; 21(6), p. e13500.
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Addiction Mindsets and Psychological Processes of Quitting Smoking.
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Source: Drug And Alcohol Dependence, 2018-10-10 00:00:00.0; 193, p. 35-41.
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Trajectories of 12-Month Usage Patterns for Two Smoking Cessation Websites: Exploring How Users Engage Over Time.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Sridharan V. , Zhu Y. , Mull K.E. , Heffner J.L. , Watson N.L. , McClure J.B. , Di C. .
Source: Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 2018-04-20 00:00:00.0; 20(4), p. e10143.
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Improving Quit Rates of Web-Delivered Interventions for Smoking Cessation: Full Scale Randomized Trial of WebQuit.org versus Smokefree.gov.
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Source: Addiction (abingdon, England), 2017-12-13 00:00:00.0; , .
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Single-arm Trial Of The Second Version Of An Acceptance & Commitment Therapy Smartphone Application For Smoking Cessation
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Source: Drug And Alcohol Dependence, 2017-01-01 00:00:00.0; 170, p. 37-42.
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