Grant Details
Grant Number: |
5R01CA165937-04 Interpret this number |
Primary Investigator: |
Silverberg, Michael |
Organization: |
Kaiser Foundation Research Institute |
Project Title: |
Antiretroviral Therapy Strategies to Lower Cancer Risk in HIV-Infected Persons |
Fiscal Year: |
2015 |
Abstract
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): "When to start" antiretroviral therapy (ART) and "what to start" represent key ongoing issues in HIV care. While these questions have been asked for the outcomes of AIDS and all-cause mortality, they now need to be extended to other serious outcomes, including cancer, which has endured as a major cause of morbidity and mortality for HIV-infected patients. The overarching goal of the current proposal is to formulate evidence-based recommendations about the preferred CD4 T-cell count at which to initiate ART, and the preferred initial ART regimen, that would minimize cancer incidence among HIV-infected persons. We will conduct this research within the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD), which includes 22 diverse HIV cohorts in the U.S. and Canada with more than 100,000 HIV-infected patients, validated cancer diagnoses, and up to 15 years of follow-up. We will focus on three cancer groups as primary outcomes: AIDS- defining cancers, virus-related non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADC), and virus-unrelated NADC. We propose these grouped primary endpoints because their large Ns provide good statistical power and because clinical decisions about when and what to start might be based more on effects on cancer incidence for aggregated related cancers than on effects on incidence of individual cancer types. We also will consider 14 specific cancer types/groups as secondary outcomes. We propose to achieve two complementary and interrelated specific aims. The first aim will use a restricted sample of NA-ACCORD to emulate randomized controlled trials of ART for reducing cancer risk using causal statistical methodologies. This aim will evaluate the effect of the timing and composition of the initial ART regimen on the incidence of our primary and secondary cancer outcomes and includes two sub-aims: Aim 1a will evaluate whether initiation of ART at higher CD4 thresholds is associated with reduced incidence compared with initiation of ART at lower CD4 thresholds; Aim 1b will determine whether cancer incidence varies for the major ART classes and more common individual ART medications. The second aim will use the entire NA-ACCORD sample to elucidate the underlying relationships between patterns of immune suppression, HIV virus replication and incidence of our primary and secondary cancer outcomes and also has two sub-aims: Aim 2a will examine relationships between cancer risk and cumulative and current CD4 count and HIV RNA; Aim 2b will evaluate whether ART use, specific ART classes, or more common individual ART medications have an effect on cancer risk independent of the effect mediated by measures of CD4 count and HIV RNA found to be key predictors of cancer risk in Aim 2a. NA-ACCORD provides an ideal platform for conducting this study, with its diverse cohorts, large sample size, validated cancer diagnoses, longitudinal data on CD4 count, HIV RNA, and ART use, data on traditional cancer risk factors, efficient structure for harmonization of data, and high level of multidisciplinary expertise of collaborating
investigators.
Publications
Brief Report: Protease Inhibitors Versus Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and the Risk of Cancer Among People With HIV.
Authors: Coburn S.B.
, Pimentel N.
, Leyden W.
, Kitahata M.
, Moore R.D.
, Althoff K.N.
, Gill M.J.
, Lang R.
, Horberg M.A.
, D'Souza G.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2024 Aug; 96(4), p. 393-398.
PMID: 39720558
Related Citations
Global estimates of viral suppression in children and adolescents and adults on antiretroviral therapy adjusted for missing viral load measurements: a multiregional, retrospective cohort study in 31 countries.
Authors: Han W.M.
, Law M.G.
, Egger M.
, Wools-Kaloustian K.
, Moore R.
, McGowan C.
, Kumarasamy N.
, Desmonde S.
, Edmonds A.
, Davies M.A.
, et al.
.
Source: The Lancet. Hiv, 2021 Dec; 8(12), p. e766-e775.
PMID: 34856180
Related Citations
Achieving consistency in measures of HIV-1 viral suppression across countries: derivation of an adjustment based on international antiretroviral treatment cohort data.
Authors: Johnson L.F.
, Kariminia A.
, Trickey A.
, Yiannoutsos C.T.
, Ekouevi D.K.
, Minga A.K.
, Pascom A.R.P.
, Han W.M.
, Zhang L.
, Althoff K.N.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of The International Aids Society, 2021 Sep; 24 Suppl 5, p. e25776.
PMID: 34546623
Related Citations
Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Risk of Cancer Among Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Authors: Silverberg M.J.
, Leyden W.
, Hernández-Ramírez R.U.
, Qin L.
, Lin H.
, Justice A.C.
, Hessol N.A.
, Achenbach C.J.
, D'Souza G.
, Engels E.A.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2021-06-01 00:00:00.0; 72(11), p. 1900-1909.
PMID: 32785640
Related Citations
Weight gain among treatment-naïve persons with HIV starting integrase inhibitors compared to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors or protease inhibitors in a large observational cohort in the United States and Canada.
Authors: Bourgi K.
, Jenkins C.A.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Palella F.
, Moore R.D.
, Altoff K.N.
, Gill J.
, Rabkin C.S.
, Gange S.J.
, Horberg M.A.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of The International Aids Society, 2020 Apr; 23(4), p. e25484.
PMID: 32294337
Related Citations
Characterizing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Continuum Among Transgender Women and Cisgender Women and Men in Clinical Care: A Retrospective Time-series Analysis.
Authors: Poteat T.
, Hanna D.B.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Klein M.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Eron J.J.
, Horberg M.A.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Mathews W.C.
, Mattocks K.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2020-03-03 00:00:00.0; 70(6), p. 1131-1138.
PMID: 31573601
Related Citations
Life-Expectancy Disparities Among Adults With HIV in the United States and Canada: The Impact of a Reduction in Drug- and Alcohol-Related Deaths Using the Lives Saved Simulation Model.
Authors: Althoff K.N.
, Chandran A.
, Zhang J.
, Arevalo W.M.
, Gange S.J.
, Sterling T.R.
, Gill M.J.
, Justice A.C.
, Palella F.J.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, et al.
.
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 2019-12-31 00:00:00.0; 188(12), p. 2097-2109.
PMID: 31602475
Related Citations
Global variations in mortality in adults after initiating antiretroviral treatment: an updated analysis of the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS cohort collaboration.
Authors: Johnson L.F.
, Anderegg N.
, Zaniewski E.
, Eaton J.W.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Carriquiry G.
, Nash D.
, Yotebieng M.
, Ekouevi D.K.
, Holmes C.B.
, et al.
.
Source: Aids (london, England), 2019-12-15 00:00:00.0; 33 Suppl 3, p. S283-S294.
PMID: 31800405
Related Citations
Determinants of Liver Complications Among HIV/Hepatitis B Virus-Coinfected Patients.
Authors: Lo Re V.
, Newcomb C.W.
, Carbonari D.M.
, Roy J.A.
, Althoff K.N.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Reddy K.R.
, Lim J.K.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Mayor A.M.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2019-09-01 00:00:00.0; 82(1), p. 71-80.
PMID: 31107304
Related Citations
What Does Aging with HIV Mean for Nursing Homes?
Authors: Justice A.C.
, Akgün K.M.
.
Source: Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society, 2019 Jul; 67(7), p. 1327-1329.
EPub date: 2019-05-07 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 31063666
Related Citations
Cervical cancer risk in women living with HIV across four continents: A multicohort study.
Authors: Rohner E.
, Bütikofer L.
, Schmidlin K.
, Sengayi M.
, Maskew M.
, Giddy J.
, Taghavi K.
, Moore R.D.
, Goedert J.J.
, Gill M.J.
, et al.
.
Source: International Journal Of Cancer, 2019-06-19 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2019-06-19 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 31215037
Related Citations
Mind the gap: observation windows to define periods of event ascertainment as a quality control method for longitudinal electronic health record data.
Authors: Althoff K.N.
, Wong C.
, Hogan B.
, Desir F.
, You B.
, Humes E.
, Zhang J.
, Jing Y.
, Modur S.
, Lee J.S.
, et al.
.
Source: Annals Of Epidemiology, 2019 May; 33, p. 54-63.
EPub date: 2019-03-04 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 31005552
Related Citations
Association of immunosuppression and HIV viraemia with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk overall and by subtype in people living with HIV in Canada and the USA: a multicentre cohort study.
Authors: Hernández-Ramírez R.U.
, Qin L.
, Lin H.
, Leyden W.
, Neugebauer R.S.
, Althoff K.N.
, Achenbach C.J.
, Hessol N.A.
, D'Souza G.
, Gebo K.A.
, et al.
.
Source: The Lancet. Hiv, 2019 Apr; 6(4), p. e240-e249.
EPub date: 2019-02-27 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 30826282
Related Citations
Viral suppression among persons in HIV care in the United States during 2009-2013: sampling bias in Medical Monitoring Project surveillance estimates.
Authors: Bradley H.
, Althoff K.N.
, Buchacz K.
, Brooks J.T.
, Gill M.J.
, Horberg M.A.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Marconi V.
, Mayer K.H.
, Mayor A.
, et al.
.
Source: Annals Of Epidemiology, 2019 Mar; 31, p. 3-7.
EPub date: 2018-11-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 30529086
Related Citations
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Authors: Althoff K.N.
, Gebo K.A.
, Moore R.D.
, Boyd C.M.
, Justice A.C.
, Wong C.
, Lucas G.M.
, Klein M.B.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Crane H.
, et al.
.
Source: The Lancet. Hiv, 2019 02; 6(2), p. e93-e104.
EPub date: 2019-01-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 30683625
Related Citations
Reduced Cancer Survival Among Adults With HIV and AIDS-Defining Illnesses Despite No Difference in Cancer Stage at Diagnosis.
Authors: Grover S.
, Desir F.
, Jing Y.
, Bhatia R.K.
, Trifiletti D.M.
, Swisher-McClure S.
, Kobie J.
, Moore R.D.
, Rabkin C.S.
, Silverberg M.J.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2018-12-01 00:00:00.0; 79(4), p. 421-429.
PMID: 30211722
Related Citations
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk in adults living with HIV across five continents.
Authors: AIDS-defining Cancer Project Working Group of IeDEA, COHERE in EuroCoord
.
Source: Aids (london, England), 2018-11-28 00:00:00.0; 32(18), p. 2777-2786.
PMID: 30234606
Related Citations
One Size Fits (n)One: The Influence of Sex, Age, and Sexual Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Acquisition Risk on Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the HIV Care Continuum in the United States.
Authors: Desir F.A.
, Lesko C.R.
, Moore R.D.
, Horberg M.A.
, Wong C.
, Crane H.M.
, Silverberg M.
, Thorne J.E.
, Rachlis B.
, Rabkin C.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2018-08-31 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2018-08-31 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 30169624
Related Citations
Association of Viral Suppression With Lower AIDS-Defining and Non-AIDS-Defining Cancer Incidence in HIV-Infected Veterans: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Park L.S.
, Tate J.P.
, Sigel K.
, Brown S.T.
, Crothers K.
, Gibert C.
, Goetz M.B.
, Rimland D.
, Rodriguez-Barradas M.C.
, Bedimo R.J.
, et al.
.
Source: Annals Of Internal Medicine, 2018-07-17 00:00:00.0; 169(2), p. 87-96.
EPub date: 2018-06-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29893768
Related Citations
Sex-based differences in antiretroviral therapy initiation, switching and treatment interruptions: global overview from the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA).
Authors: Giles M.L.
, Achhra A.C.
, Abraham A.G.
, Haas A.D.
, Gill M.J.
, Lee M.P.
, Luque M.
, McGowan C.
, Cornell M.
, Braitstein P.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of The International Aids Society, 2018 06; 21(6), p. e25149.
PMID: 29956882
Related Citations
Development and Calibration of a Mathematical Model of Anal Carcinogenesis for High-Risk HIV-Infected Men.
Authors: Burger E.A.
, Dyer M.A.
, Sy S.
, Palefsky J.M.
, De Pokomandy A.
, Coutlee F.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Kim J.J.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2018-05-09 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2018-05-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29757775
Related Citations
Cutaneous Melanoma Risk among People with HIV in the United States and Canada.
Authors: Yanik E.L.
, Hernández-Ramírez R.U.
, Qin L.
, Lin H.
, Leyden W.
, Neugebauer R.S.
, Horberg M.A.
, Moore R.D.
, Mathews W.C.
, Justice A.C.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2018-04-27 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2018-04-27 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29771785
Related Citations
Global Trends in CD4 Cell Count at the Start of Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Study of Treatment Programs.
Authors: IeDEA and COHERE Cohort Collaborations
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2018-03-05 00:00:00.0; 66(6), p. 893-903.
PMID: 29373672
Related Citations
HIV and Age Do Not Synergistically Affect Age-Related T-Cell Markers.
Authors: Farhadian S.
, Jalbert E.
, Deng Y.
, Goetz M.B.
, Park L.S.
, Justice A.C.
, Dubrow R.
, Emu B.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2018-03-01 00:00:00.0; 77(3), p. 337-344.
PMID: 29140874
Related Citations
HIV treatment eligibility expansion and timely antiretroviral treatment initiation following enrollment in HIV care: A metaregression analysis of programmatic data from 22 countries.
Authors: Tymejczyk O.
, Brazier E.
, Yiannoutsos C.
, Wools-Kaloustian K.
, Althoff K.
, Crabtree-Ramírez B.
, Van Nguyen K.
, Zaniewski E.
, Dabis F.
, Sinayobye J.D.
, et al.
.
Source: Plos Medicine, 2018 03; 15(3), p. e1002534.
EPub date: 2018-03-23 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29570723
Related Citations
Cancer burden attributable to cigarette smoking among HIV-infected people in North America.
Authors: Altekruse S.F.
, Shiels M.S.
, Modur S.P.
, Land S.R.
, Crothers K.A.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Thorne J.E.
, Mathews W.C.
, Fernández-Santos D.M.
, Mayor A.M.
, et al.
.
Source: Aids (london, England), 2018-02-20 00:00:00.0; 32(4), p. 513-521.
PMID: 29239891
Related Citations
Recent abacavir use increases risk for Types 1 and 2 myocardial infarctions among adults with HIV.
Authors: Elion R.A.
, Althoff K.N.
, Zhang J.
, Moore R.D.
, Gange S.J.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Crane H.M.
, Drozd D.R.
, Stein J.H.
, Klein M.B.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2018-02-06 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2018-02-06 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29419568
Related Citations
Multimorbidity Among Persons Living with HIV in the U.S.
Authors: Wong C.
, Gange S.J.
, Moore R.D.
, Justice A.C.
, Buchacz K.
, Abraham A.G.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Koethe J.R.
, Martin J.N.
, Horberg M.A.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2017-11-15 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2017-11-15 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 29149237
Related Citations
HIV Viral Load Suppression in Adults and Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy-Results From the IeDEA Collaboration.
Authors: Jiamsakul A.
, Kariminia A.
, Althoff K.N.
, Cesar C.
, Cortes C.P.
, Davies M.A.
, Do V.C.
, Eley B.
, Gill J.
, Kumarasamy N.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2017-11-01 00:00:00.0; 76(3), p. 319-329.
PMID: 28708808
Related Citations
Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Adults Across 5 Continents: A Multiregional Multicohort Study.
Authors: AIDS-defining Cancer Project Working Group for IeDEA and COHERE in EuroCoord
, AIDS-defining Cancer Project Working Group for IeDEA and COHERE in EuroCoord
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2017-10-15 00:00:00.0; 65(8), p. 1316-1326.
PMID: 28531260
Related Citations
A Flow-Based Model of the HIV Care Continuum in the United States.
Authors: Gonsalves G.S.
, Paltiel A.D.
, Cleary P.D.
, Gill M.J.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Horberg M.
, Abraham A.G.
, Althoff K.N.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2017-08-15 00:00:00.0; 75(5), p. 548-553.
PMID: 28471841
Related Citations
Cancer-Attributable Mortality Among People With Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in North America.
Authors: Engels E.A.
, Yanik E.L.
, Wheeler W.
, Gill M.J.
, Shiels M.S.
, Dubrow R.
, Althoff K.N.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Brooks J.T.
, Kitahata M.M.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2017-08-15 00:00:00.0; 65(4), p. 636-643.
PMID: 29017269
Related Citations
Cancer risk in HIV-infected people in the USA from 1996 to 2012: a population-based, registry-linkage study.
Authors: Hernández-Ramírez R.U.
, Shiels M.S.
, Dubrow R.
, Engels E.A.
.
Source: The Lancet. Hiv, 2017-08-10 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2017-08-10 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 28803888
Related Citations
Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease in HIV-Positive Potential Live Kidney Donors.
Authors: Muzaale A.D.
, Althoff K.N.
, Sperati C.J.
, Abraham A.G.
, Kucirka L.M.
, Massie A.B.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Horberg M.A.
, Justice A.C.
, Fischer M.J.
, et al.
.
Source: American Journal Of Transplantation : Official Journal Of The American Society Of Transplantation And The American Society Of Transplant Surgeons, 2017 Jul; 17(7), p. 1823-1832.
EPub date: 2017-05-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 28497525
Related Citations
Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction in HIV-Infected Individuals in North America Compared to the General Population.
Authors: Drozd D.R.
, Kitahata M.M.
, Althoff K.N.
, Zhang J.
, Gange S.J.
, Napravnik S.
, Burkholder G.A.
, Mathews W.C.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Sterling T.R.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2017-05-17 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2017-05-17 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 28520615
Related Citations
Associations Of Cd4+ T-cell Count, Hiv-1 Rna Viral Load, And Antiretroviral Therapy With Kaposi Sarcoma Risk Among Hiv-infected Persons In The United States And Canada
Authors: Dubrow R.
, Qin L.
, Lin H.
, Hernández-Ramírez R.U.
, Neugebauer R.S.
, Leyden W.
, Althoff K.N.
, Achenbach C.J.
, Hessol N.A.
, Modur S.P.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2017-04-07 00:00:00.0; , .
PMID: 28394855
Related Citations
First Occurrence of Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Hypertension Among North American HIV-Infected Adults, 2000-2013.
Authors: Wong C.
, Gange S.J.
, Buchacz K.
, Moore R.D.
, Justice A.C.
, Horberg M.A.
, Gill M.J.
, Koethe J.R.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Silverberg M.J.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2017-02-15 00:00:00.0; 64(4), p. 459-467.
PMID: 28172581
Related Citations
Immunological And Infectious Risk Factors For Lung Cancer In Us Veterans With Hiv: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Sigel K.
, Wisnivesky J.
, Crothers K.
, Gordon K.
, Brown S.T.
, Rimland D.
, Rodriguez-Barradas M.C.
, Gibert C.
, Goetz M.B.
, Bedimo R.
, et al.
.
Source: The Lancet. Hiv, 2017 Feb; 4(2), p. e67-e73.
PMID: 27916584
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Hiv Infection, Immunosuppression, And Age At Diagnosis Of Non-aids-defining Cancers
Authors: Shiels M.S.
, Althoff K.N.
, Pfeiffer R.M.
, Achenbach C.J.
, Abraham A.G.
, Castilho J.
, Cescon A.
, D'Souza G.
, Dubrow R.
, Eron J.J.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2016-12-10 00:00:00.0; , .
PMID: 27940936
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Risk Of End-stage Liver Disease In Hiv-viral Hepatitis Coinfected Persons In North America From The Early To Modern Antiretroviral Therapy Eras
Authors: Klein M.B.
, Althoff K.N.
, Jing Y.
, Lau B.
, Kitahata M.
, Lo Re V.
, Kirk G.D.
, Hull M.
, Kim H.N.
, Sebastiani G.
, et al.
.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America, 2016-11-01 00:00:00.0; 63(9), p. 1160-1167.
PMID: 27506682
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Higher Time-updated Body Mass Index: Association With Improved Cd4+ Cell Recovery On Hiv Treatment
Authors: Koethe J.R.
, Jenkins C.A.
, Lau B.
, Shepherd B.E.
, Wester W.
, Rebeiro P.F.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Thorne J.E.
, Gill J.
, Mayor A.M.
, et al.
.
Source: Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 2016-10-01 00:00:00.0; 73(2), p. 197-204.
PMID: 27116044
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Targeted Spontaneous Reporting: Assessing Opportunities To Conduct Routine Pharmacovigilance For Antiretroviral Treatment On An International Scale
Authors: Rachlis B.
, Karwa R.
, Chema C.
, Pastakia S.
, Olsson S.
, Wools-Kaloustian K.
, Jakait B.
, Maina M.
, Yotebieng M.
, Kumarasamy N.
, et al.
.
Source: Drug Safety, 2016 Oct; 39(10), p. 959-76.
PMID: 27282427
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Incidence of AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Infections in a Multicohort Analysis of HIV-infected Persons in the United States and Canada, 2000-2010.
Authors: Buchacz K.
, Lau B.
, Jing Y.
, Bosch R.
, Abraham A.G.
, Gill M.J.
, Silverberg M.J.
, Goedert J.J.
, Sterling T.R.
, Althoff K.N.
, et al.
.
Source: The Journal Of Infectious Diseases, 2016-09-15 00:00:00.0; 214(6), p. 862-72.
EPub date: 2016-09-15 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 27559122
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Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment, Immunovirologic Status, and TB Risk: Implications for Testing and Treatment.
Authors: Pettit A.C.
, Mendes A.
, Jenkins C.
, Napravnik S.
, Freeman A.
, Shepherd B.E.
, Dowdy D.
, Gill J.
, Rachlis A.
, Moore R.
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