Grant Number:	5R01CA158035-03 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Chriqui, Jamie
Organization:	University Of Illinois At Chicago
Project Title:	Impact of Zoning Code Reforms on the Built Environment and Physical Activity Beha
Fiscal Year:	2014

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Zoning code reforms have emerged throughout the U.S. as a potential policy strategy for reducing sprawl, reliance on cars, and increasing physical activity (PA) opportunities. Code reforms seek to create pedestrian- friendly neighborhoods with increased street connectivity, mixed-use and higher density, open space, transportation infrastructure, and a traditional neighborhood structure. The reforms have been adopted by communities in at least 35 states, with the number of communities considering such reforms increasing regularly; have predominantly been adopted in the 2000s; and are more active living-oriented than traditional land use-oriented zoning codes. The overall goal of this project is to address the potential impact of community level intervention via code reforms on the community environment and physical activity related behaviors. Specifically, we plan to use multilevel multivariate regression, structural equation modeling and mediation analyses to link zoning code reform policies obtained from communities representing 75% of the US population with: (1) parks/ green space (compiled using ArcGIS and US Geological Survey); (2) sprawl/street connectivity and traffic safety using Census Tiger files; (3) population density and neighborhood disadvantage using ACS data; and (4) pedestrian fatalities using data from NHTSA's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS); and (5) PA-related behaviors obtained from the 2009-2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the 2009-2012 American Community Survey. Analyses will account for the moderating impact of community demographic/SES characteristics obtained from the Census, will include state clustering, and will control for policy lag effects, state enabling laws, year, state fixed effects, household and individual-level demographic/SES characteristics, county-level and individual level obesity from BRFSS, and county health rankings from the University of Wisconsin. Supplemental analyses of endogeneity among the community environment and PA behaviors will include comparison of the 2009 data with data from the 2000/2001 time frame as well as examination of correlated errors. At the conclusion of this study, we will provide counties and municipalities nationwide as well as the active living, public health, urban planning, and transportation fields with the needed evidence to determine the extent to which code reforms may help them achieve more active living-oriented physical environments and higher levels of PA/active living.




Pedestrian-oriented zoning moderates the relationship between racialized economic segregation and active travel to work, United States.
Authors: Serrano N. , Leider J. , Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2023 Dec; 177, p. 107788.
EPub date: 2023-11-25 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38013054
Related Citations

Active living-oriented zoning codes and cardiometabolic conditions across the lifespan.
Authors: Zenk S.N. , Pugach O. , Chriqui J.F. , Wing C. , Raymond D. , Tarlov E. , Sheridan B. , Jones K.K. , Slater S.J. .
Source: Translational Behavioral Medicine, 2022-02-22 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2022-02-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35192715
Related Citations

Examining the Implementation of Activity-Friendly Zoning and Land Use Policies Through the Use of Google Street View Measures: A Pilot Study.
Authors: Slater S.J. , Leider J. , Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Journal Of Public Health Management And Practice : Jphmp, 2022 Jan-Feb 01; 28(1), p. E127-E136.
PMID: 32487921
Related Citations

Does the built environment influence the effectiveness of behavioral weight management interventions?
Authors: Zenk S.N. , Tarlov E. , Wing C. , Slater S. , Jones K.K. , Fitzgibbon M. , Powell L.M. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2019 Sep; 126, p. 105776.
EPub date: 2019-07-19 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 31330154
Related Citations

Exploring The Linkage Between Activity-friendly Zoning, Inactivity, And Cancer Incidence In The United States
Authors: Nicholson L.M. , Leider J. , Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication Of The American Association For Cancer Research, Cosponsored By The American Society Of Preventive Oncology, 2017-03-07 00:00:00.0; , .
PMID: 28270500
Related Citations

Pedestrian-oriented Zoning Is Associated With Reduced Income And Poverty Disparities In Adult Active Travel To Work, United States
Authors: Chriqui J.F. , Leider J. , Thrun E. , Nicholson L.M. , Slater S.J. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2016-10-03 00:00:00.0; , .
PMID: 27713102
Related Citations

Associations Between Active Living-oriented Zoning And No Adult Leisure-time Physical Activity In The U.s
Authors: Leider J. , Chriqui J.F. , Thrun E. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2016-06-27 00:00:00.0; , .
PMID: 27364934
Related Citations

Communities On The Move: Pedestrian-oriented Zoning As A Facilitator Of Adult Active Travel To Work In The United States
Authors: Chriqui J.F. , Leider J. , Thrun E. , Nicholson L.M. , Slater S. .
Source: Frontiers In Public Health, 2016; 4, p. 71.
PMID: 27148517
Related Citations

Does Pedestrian Danger Mediate The Relationship Between Local Walkability And Active Travel To Work?
Authors: Slater S.J. , Nicholson L. , Abu Zayd H. , Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Frontiers In Public Health, 2016; 4, p. 89.
PMID: 27242983
Related Citations

Exploring The Cross-sectional Association Between Transit-oriented Development Zoning And Active Travel And Transit Usage In The United States, 2010-2014
Authors: Thrun E. , Leider J. , Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Frontiers In Public Health, 2016; 4, p. 113.
PMID: 27376054
Related Citations

More Active Living-oriented County And Municipal Zoning Is Associated With Increased Adult Leisure Time Physical Activity-united States, 2011
Authors: Chriqui J.F. , Nicholson L.M. , Thrun E. , Leider J. , Slater S.J. .
Source: Environment And Behavior, 2016 Jan; 48(1), p. 111-130.
PMID: 27587898
Related Citations

Developing A Measure Of Traffic Calming Associated With Elementary School Students' Active Transport
Authors: Nicholson L.M. , Turner L. , Slater S.J. , Abuzayd H. , Chriqui J.F. , Chaloupka F. .
Source: Transportation Research. Part D, Transport And Environment, 2014-12-01 00:00:00.0; 33, p. 17-25.
PMID: 25506255
Related Citations

Obesity Prevention Policies In U.s. States And Localities: Lessons From The Field
Authors: Chriqui J.F. .
Source: Current Obesity Reports, 2013 Sep; 2(3), p. 200-210.
PMID: 24511455
Related Citations