Grant Number:	2R01CA082569-09A1 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Peterson, Arthur
Organization:	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Project Title:	Proactive Smoking Cessation for Adolescents
Fiscal Year:	2010

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is a renewal of the Hutchinson Study of High School Smoking (HS), a large group-randomized trial in adolescent smoking cessation that has yielded, at one year post intervention enrollment, significant treatment effects on six months prolonged abstinence at age 19. The HS trial is the first to demonstrate significant positive results for smoking cessation among adolescents proactively recruited with substantial reach in a general, non-medical setting. Addressing the great national need for adolescent smoking cessation interventions that are effective and have broad reach, the HS trial rigorously tested the effectiveness of a personally tailored smoking cessation intervention, using Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Cognitive Behavioral Skills Training (CBST), delivered via counselor-initiated telephone calls. The trial targeted all (at-least-monthly) high school senior smokers in 50 Washington high schools, recruiting a large and diverse population-based cohort that included the important and frequently neglected subgroups of less-than-daily smokers and those not thinking of quitting. The trial demonstrated that a significant majority (70%) of all adolescent smokers can be identified, contacted, and recruited proactively to a personally tailored, telephone-based smoking cessation intervention. The intervention achieved a nearly two-fold increase in 6-month prolonged cessation among daily smokers. The proposed work will build on the trial's initial positive results, and answer calls from experts in the field to learn the long-term effectiveness of, and processes underlying, teen smoking cessation intervention. We will conduct a six-year follow-up at approximately age 25 of all eligible baseline smokers (n = 2,126) to (1) determine the persistence into emerging adulthood of the trial's initial positive results on smoking abstinence and (2) among those who had not quit by age 19, determine to what extent promising results on cessation progress endpoints translate into cessation in adulthood. To better understand how the intervention impact is achieved, we will use the newly collected age 25 follow-up data together with existing data, to (3) investigate mediation of the HS intervention effect by Social Cognitive Theory-based theoretical processes, and (4) investigate the roles of MI and CBST counseling processes. The proposed investigations are critically important because they will determine the long-term impact, as measured at the end of the period of emerging adulthood, of a smoking cessation intervention delivered in late adolescence. Emerging adulthood is a period of significant smoking initiation, escalation and relapse: For nine consecutive years, emerging adults have had the highest smoking prevalence of any age group in the U.S. With cohort members now turning 25 (the end of emerging adulthood), the opportunity currently exists for conducting important and timely investigations of this initially successful adolescent intervention's potential for sustained reductions in young adult smoking prevalence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study responds to urgent U.S. public health needs to reduce the persistently high smoking prevalence among adolescents and young adults by providing critical information about effectiveness in emerging adulthood of a smoking cessation intervention delivered in late adolescence. This research will yield information about the long-term impact of the HS intervention and increase understanding of how that impact is achieved, thereby contributing to reducing smoking prevalence among young adults and, ultimately, improving the nation's health.




Proactive telephone counseling for adolescent smokers: Comparing regular smokers with infrequent and occasional smokers on treatment receptivity, engagement, and outcomes.
Authors: Heffner J.L. , Kealey K.A. , Marek P.M. , Bricker J.B. , Ludman E.J. , Peterson A.V. .
Source: Drug And Alcohol Dependence, 2016-08-01 00:00:00.0; 165, p. 229-35.
EPub date: 2016-08-01 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 27344195
Related Citations

Does Effectiveness of Adolescent Smoking-Cessation Intervention Endure Into Young Adulthood? 7-Year Follow-Up Results from a Group-Randomized Trial.
Authors: Peterson A.V. , Marek P.M. , Kealey K.A. , Bricker J.B. , Ludman E.J. , Heffner J.L. .
Source: Plos One, 2016; 11(2), p. e0146459.
PMID: 26829013
Related Citations

Psychosocial factors in adolescent nicotine dependence symptoms: a sample of high school juniors who smoke daily.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Liu J. , Ramey M. , Peterson A.V. .
Source: Substance Use & Misuse, 2012 May; 47(6), p. 640-8.
PMID: 22409635
Related Citations

Does avoidant coping influence young adults' smoking?: a ten-year longitudinal study.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Schiff L. , Comstock B.A. .
Source: Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal Of The Society For Research On Nicotine And Tobacco, 2011 Oct; 13(10), p. 998-1002.
PMID: 21543547
Related Citations

Adolescent psychological and social predictors of young adult smoking acquisition and cessation: A 10-year longitudinal study.
Authors: Otten R. , Bricker J.B. , Liu J. , Comstock B.A. , Peterson A.V. .
Source: Health Psychology : Official Journal Of The Division Of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2011 Mar; 30(2), p. 163-70.
PMID: 21401250
Related Citations

Social cognitive mediators of adolescent smoking cessation: results from a large randomized intervention trial.
Authors: Bricker J.B. , Liu J. , Comstock B.A. , Peterson A.V. , Kealey K.A. , Marek P.M. .
Source: Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors : Journal Of The Society Of Psychologists In Addictive Behaviors, 2010 Sep; 24(3), p. 436-45.
PMID: 20853929
Related Citations

Group-randomized trial of a proactive, personalized telephone counseling intervention for adolescent smoking cessation.
Authors: Peterson A.V. , Kealey K.A. , Mann S.L. , Marek P.M. , Ludman E.J. , Liu J. , Bricker J.B. .
Source: Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 2009-10-21 00:00:00.0; 101(20), p. 1378-92.
EPub date: 2009-10-21 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 19822836
Related Citations

Design and implementation of an effective telephone counseling intervention for adolescent smoking cessation.
Authors: Kealey K.A. , Ludman E.J. , Marek P.M. , Mann S.L. , Bricker J.B. , Peterson A.V. .
Source: Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 2009-10-21 00:00:00.0; 101(20), p. 1393-405.
EPub date: 2009-10-21 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 19822837
Related Citations

Addressing challenges in adolescent smoking cessation: design and baseline characteristics of the HS Group-Randomized trial.
Authors: Liu J. , Peterson A.V. , Kealey K.A. , Mann S.L. , Bricker J.B. , Marek P.M. .
Source: Preventive Medicine, 2007 Aug-Sep; 45(2-3), p. 215-25.
PMID: 17628650
Related Citations

Overcoming barriers to recruitment and retention in adolescent smoking cessation.
Authors: Kealey K.A. , Ludman E.J. , Mann S.L. , Marek P.M. , Phares M.M. , Riggs K.R. , Peterson A.V. .
Source: Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal Of The Society For Research On Nicotine And Tobacco, 2007 Feb; 9(2), p. 257-70.
PMID: 17365757
Related Citations

What do we mean by Internet access? A framework for health researchers.
Authors: Bush N.E. , Bowen D.J. , Wooldridge J. , Ludwig A. , Meischke H. , Robbins R. .
Source: Preventing Chronic Disease, 2004 Oct; 1(4), p. A15.
PMID: 15670447
Related Citations