Grant Number:	5R01CA072028-03 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Johnstone, Iain
Organization:	Stanford University
Project Title:	New Statistical Methods for Medical Signals and Images
Fiscal Year:	1998

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): Medical and biological data often come in the form of digitized signals and images, for example magnetic resonance images (MRI), ion channel electrical series, and human gait paths. As data acquisition becomes easier, sequences of such images or signals are collected, often along with other covariate measurements, resulting in data sets where the basic unit of measurement or response is a high dimensional object. This project proposes a battery of statistical techniques for modeling and understanding such data, that explicitly takes into account and indeed exploits the inherent, spatial, or temporal correlation, and when appropriate, relates it to covariate information. By imposing spatial smoothness in the image or signal domain, pixel-wise regression, and canonical correlation models can borrow strength from neighboring pixels. This not only improves the overall efficiency of these techniques, but also allows identification of important regions rather than individual pixels. The project develops appropriate versions of nonparametric regressions for such series of images, as well as data descriptions such as clustering, principal component, and singular value decomposition models. In many cases, wavelets will be used to achieve spatial smoothness. In the case of ion channel data, the models are used to isolate particular weak high frequency components from correlated noise. Much of this work will be carried out in collaboration with radiologists, physiologists, and other biomedical researchers working on cancer, heart disease and stroke, brain mapping, and gait analysis.