Grant Number:	2R01CA040644-13 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Breslow, Norman
Organization:	University Of Washington
Project Title:	Statistical Methods in Cancer Epidemiology
Fiscal Year:	1998

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's abstract): Epidemiology plays a major role in the identification of carcinogenic agents and in the quantification of dose time response relationships upon which regulation and preventive strategies are based. epidemiology as a science depends critically upon statistics. The goal of this project is the development of more efficient statistical designs and methods of analysis for both analytic and descriptive studies. There are three areas of emphasis. First, many studies involve the estimation of a large number of related quantities: multiple relative risks in case-control studies involving multiple diseases and multiple risk groups; multiple cancer rates in small areas used for construction of maps; and multiple individual responses to intervention in longitudinal studies. A major goal is the development, evaluation and implementation of hierarchical statistical models that allow for the efficient estimation of such related quantities. Second, two-phase case-control studies and other complex stratified designs are of great value in limiting the collection of costly covariate data to those subjects who are most informative regarding disease/risk factor associations. An important example is the validation substudy conducted to alleviate the effects of measurement error. Optimal methods for design and analysis of data from such complex designs will be developed. Finally, epidemiologists have proposed new study designs that involve comparison of the exposures of diseased cases with those of internal or artificial controls. Examples are the haplotype relative risk method in genetic epidemiology, the case-specular design for study of electromagnetic fields of cancer, and the case-crossover and case-time-control designs for studies of the effects of intermittent exposures on event rates. Unfortunately, misleading inferences occur when these methods are used in situations that do not meet the underlying assumptions. A critical evaluation is planned of the logical foundations of such case "pseudo-control" designs, with a goal of maximizing the validity and efficiency of inferences based upon them. The methods used to achieve these goals include mathematical and statistical analysis, computer simulation and application to important datasets collected by cancer epidemiologists and other public health scientists.




Z-estimation And Stratified Samples: Application To Survival Models
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Hu J. , Wellner J.A. .
Source: Lifetime Data Analysis, 2015 Oct; 21(4), p. 493-516.
PMID: 25588605
Related Citations

Using The Whole Cohort In The Analysis Of Case-control Data: Application To The Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Amorim G. , Pettinger M.B. , Rossouw J. .
Source: Statistics In Biosciences, 2013-11-01 00:00:00.0; 5(2), .
PMID: 24363785
Related Citations

Using the whole cohort in the analysis of case-cohort data.
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Lumley T. , Ballantyne C.M. , Chambless L.E. , Kulich M. .
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 2009-06-01 00:00:00.0; 169(11), p. 1398-405.
EPub date: 2009-06-01 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 19357328
Related Citations

Improved Horvitz-Thompson Estimation of Model Parameters from Two-phase Stratified Samples: Applications in Epidemiology.
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Lumley T. , Ballantyne C.M. , Chambless L.E. , Kulich M. .
Source: Statistics In Biosciences, 2009-05-01 00:00:00.0; 1(1), p. 32.
PMID: 20174455
Related Citations

Statistical Models For Autocorrelated Count Data
Authors: Nelson,K.P. , Leroux,B.G. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 2006-04-30 00:00:00.0; 25(8), p. 1413-30.
PMID: 16196078
Related Citations

Are statistical contributions to medicine undervalued?
Authors: Breslow N.E. .
Source: Biometrics, 2003 Mar; 59(1), p. 1-8.
PMID: 12762435
Related Citations

Modelling Spatial Disease Rates Using Maximum Likelihood
Authors: Leroux B.G. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 2000 Sep 15-30; 19(17-18), p. 2321-32.
PMID: 10960856
Related Citations

Saddlepoint approximations for small sample logistic regression problems.
Authors: Platt R.W. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 2000-02-15 00:00:00.0; 19(3), p. 323-34.
PMID: 10649299
Related Citations

Generalized linear mixed models for meta-analysis.
Authors: Platt R.W. , Leroux B.G. , Breslow N. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1999-03-30 00:00:00.0; 18(6), p. 643-54.
PMID: 10204195
Related Citations

Likelihood-based Inference For The Genetic Relative Risk Based On Affected-sibling-pair Marker Data
Authors: McKnight B. , Tierney C. , McGorray S.P. , Day N.E. .
Source: Biometrics, 1998 Jun; 54(2), p. 426-43.
PMID: 9629637
Related Citations

Approximate hierarchical modelling of discrete data in epidemiology.
Authors: Breslow N. , Leroux B. , Platt R. .
Source: Statistical Methods In Medical Research, 1998 Mar; 7(1), p. 49-62.
PMID: 9533261
Related Citations

Weighted likelihood, pseudo-likelihood and maximum likelihood methods for logistic regression analysis of two-stage data.
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Holubkov R. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1997 Jan 15-Feb 15; 16(1-3), p. 103-16.
PMID: 9004386
Related Citations

Nonparametric Regression Analysis Of Data From The Ames Mutagenicity Assay
Authors: Cologne J.B. , Breslow N.E. .
Source: Environmental Health Perspectives, 1994 Jan; 102 Suppl 1, p. 61-70.
PMID: 8187727
Related Citations

Power of affected sibling method tests for linkage.
Authors: Tierney C. , McKnight B. .
Source: Human Heredity, 1993 Sep-Oct; 43(5), p. 276-87.
PMID: 8406516
Related Citations

A conditional analysis for two-treatment multiple-period crossover designs with binomial or poisson outcomes and subjects who drop out.
Authors: McKnight B. , Van den Eeden S.K. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1993-05-15 00:00:00.0; 12(9), p. 825-34.
PMID: 8327802
Related Citations

Descriptive epidemiology and survival analysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the United States.
Authors: Burt R.D. , Vaughan T.L. , McKnight B. .
Source: International Journal Of Cancer, 1992-10-21 00:00:00.0; 52(4), p. 549-56.
PMID: 1399135
Related Citations

Testing the null hypothesis in small area analysis.
Authors: Cain K.C. , Diehr P. .
Source: Health Services Research, 1992 Aug; 27(3), p. 267-94.
PMID: 1500287
Related Citations

Analysing the relationship between change in a risk factor and risk of disease.
Authors: Cain K.C. , Kronmal R.A. , Kosinski A.S. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1992 Apr; 11(6), p. 783-97.
PMID: 1594817
Related Citations

Approaches to the analysis of case-control studies of the efficacy of screening for cancer.
Authors: Weiss N.S. , McKnight B. , Stevens N.G. .
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 1992-04-01 00:00:00.0; 135(7), p. 817-23.
PMID: 1595681
Related Citations

Linkage analysis of malignant melanoma with the chromosome 1 markers D1S47 and PND.
Authors: Blossey H. , Guo S.W. , McKnight B. , Tierney C. , Thompson E. , Wijsman E. .
Source: Cytogenetics And Cell Genetics, 1992; 59(2-3), p. 182-4.
PMID: 1737494
Related Citations

Power and detectable risk of seven tests for standardized mortality ratios.
Authors: Samuels S.J. , Beaumont J.J. , Breslow N.E. .
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 1991-06-01 00:00:00.0; 133(11), p. 1191-7.
PMID: 2035521
Related Citations

Further studies in the variability of pock counts.
Authors: Breslow N. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1990 Jun; 9(6), p. 615-26.
PMID: 2171128
Related Citations

What Is Too Much Variation? The Null Hypothesis In Small-area Analysis
Authors: Diehr P. , Cain K. , Connell F. , Volinn E. .
Source: Health Services Research, 1990 Feb; 24(6), p. 741-71.
PMID: 2312306
Related Citations

Statistical issues in the analysis of data from occupational cohort studies.
Authors: Breslow N. .
Source: Recent Results In Cancer Research. Fortschritte Der Krebsforschung. Progre¿s Dans Les Recherches Sur Le Cancer, 1990; 120, p. 78-93.
PMID: 2236880
Related Citations

Efficiency gains from the addition of controls to matched sets in cohort studies.
Authors: Raboud J. , Breslow N.E. .
Source: Statistics In Medicine, 1989 Aug; 8(8), p. 977-85.
PMID: 2799126
Related Citations

Logistic regression analysis and efficient design for two-stage studies.
Authors: Cain K.C. , Breslow N.E. .
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 1988 Dec; 128(6), p. 1198-206.
PMID: 3195561
Related Citations

Logistic regression for stratified case-control studies.
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Zhao L.P. .
Source: Biometrics, 1988 Sep; 44(3), p. 891-9.
PMID: 3203135
Related Citations

Nonparametric estimation of relative mortality functions.
Authors: Breslow N. , Langholz B. .
Source: Journal Of Chronic Diseases, 1987; 40 Suppl 2, p. 89S-99S.
PMID: 3667870
Related Citations

Methods of estimation in log odds ratio regression models.
Authors: Breslow N.E. , Cologne J. .
Source: Biometrics, 1986 Dec; 42(4), p. 949-54.
PMID: 3814734
Related Citations

A general estimator for the variance of the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.
Authors: Robins J. , Greenland S. , Breslow N.E. .
Source: American Journal Of Epidemiology, 1986 Nov; 124(5), p. 719-23.
PMID: 3766505
Related Citations

Estimators of the Mantel-Haenszel variance consistent in both sparse data and large-strata limiting models.
Authors: Robins J. , Breslow N. , Greenland S. .
Source: Biometrics, 1986 Jun; 42(2), p. 311-23.
PMID: 3741973
Related Citations

Short-term assays to predict carcinogenicity. Statistical analysis of data from in-vitro assays of mutagenesis.
Authors: Breslow N. , Kaldor J. .
Source: Iarc Scientific Publications, 1986; (83), p. 457-81.
PMID: 3305350
Related Citations