Grant Number:	5U24HG010615-05 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Klein, Teri
Organization:	Stanford University
Project Title:	Pharmgkb
Fiscal Year:	2024

Project Summary/Abstract Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetic variation influences drug response phenotypes and is a pillar of precision medicine — choosing the right drug for the right patient at the right dose and time. A public resource of pharmacogenomics knowledge is critical — both to catalyze basic discovery of the molecular mechanisms that drive variability in drug response and to support the implementation of clinical research to understand how to best deliver pharmacogenomics in the clinic. The Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB) is the premier public repository of pharmacogenomics knowledge. PharmGKB curators focus on high quality extraction and representation of knowledge in the primary literature, and capture information about individual genetic variations that impact drug response, the potential clinical impact of these variations, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pathways of drug response, the pharmacogenomic requirements in regulatory documents (labels), and guidelines for genome-driven prescribing. The PharmGKB website hosts annually on average 5.2 million webpage views (without bots) and provides flexible access to pharmacogenomics knowledge on multiple devices. Most importantly, PharmGKB serves as a hub for the research community in pharmacogenomics and precision medicine — integrating its contents with critical resources and organizations including ClinVar, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen), the FDA, the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) and others. In this proposal, we request support for PharmGKB as a Biomedical Knowledgebase, and outline a plan to (1) annotate, aggregate, integrate, and disseminate pharmacogenomic knowledge from sources utilizing community curation and semi-automated methods to assist knowledge acquisition, (2) build curation and user-specific interfaces that catalyze the discovery and use of pharmacogenomic knowledge, providing the content of our knowledgebase in novel ways that are useful to our users, (3) collaborate and integrate with ongoing national and international efforts dedicated to the implementation of genomic medicine by providing the best scientific knowledge to support these important programs and (4) develop a new long-term and conceptual framework for broadly integrating available PGx knowledgebases into genomic medicine.




PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP4F2.
Authors: Zubiaur P. , Rodríguez-Antona C. , Boone E.C. , Daly A.K. , Tsermpini E.E. , Khasawneh L.Q. , Sangkuhl K. , Duconge J. , Botton M.R. , Savieo J. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2024-08-13 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2024-08-13 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 39135485
Related Citations

The Value of Clinical Pharmacogenomic Guidelines That Recommend Standard of Care Over Genotype-Based Prescribing.
Authors: Donnelly R.S. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Klein T.E. , Caudle K.E. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2024-08-08 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2024-08-08 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 39115927
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP2A6.
Authors: Langlois A.W.R. , Chenoweth M.J. , Twesigomwe D. , Scantamburlo G. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Sangkuhl K. , Klein T.E. , Nofziger C. , Tyndale R.F. , Gaedigk A. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2024-07-25 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2024-07-25 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 39051767
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline (CPIC) for CYP2D6, ADRB1, ADRB2, ADRA2C, GRK4, and GRK5 Genotypes and Beta-Blocker Therapy.
Authors: Duarte J.D. , Thomas C.D. , Lee C.R. , Huddart R. , Agundez J.A.G. , Baye J.F. , Gaedigk A. , Klein T.E. , Lanfear D.E. , Monte A.A. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2024-07-01 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2024-07-01 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38951961
Related Citations

Leveraging large-scale biobank EHRs to enhance pharmacogenetics of cardiometabolic disease medications.
Authors: Sadler M.C. , Apostolov A. , Cevallos C. , Ribeiro D.M. , Altman R.B. , Kutalik Z. .
Source: Medrxiv : The Preprint Server For Health Sciences, 2024-04-07 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2024-04-07 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38633781
Related Citations

Pharmacogenomic knowledge and awareness among diverse patients treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
Authors: Naik H. , O'Connor M.Y. , Sanderson S.C. , Pinnell N. , Dong M. , Wiegand A. , Obeng A.O. , Abul-Husn N.S. , Scott S.A. .
Source: Pharmacogenomics, 2023-12-06 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2023-12-06 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 38054855
Related Citations

PharmGKB summary: disulfiram pathway.
Authors: Gonzalez-Suarez A.D. , Thorn C.F. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Pharmacogenetics And Genomics, 2023-12-01 00:00:00.0; 33(9), p. 207-216.
EPub date: 2023-09-20 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37728645
Related Citations

PharmVar Tutorial on CYP2D6 Structural Variation Testing and Recommendations on Reporting.
Authors: Turner A.J. , Nofziger C. , Ramey B.E. , Ly R.C. , Bousman C.A. , Agúndez J.A.G. , Sangkuhl K. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Vanoni S. , Dunnenberger H.M. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023-09-05 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2023-09-05 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37669183
Related Citations

CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 Genotyping Recommendations: A Joint Consensus Recommendation of the Association for Molecular Pathology, Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, College of American Pathologists, Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group of the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association, European Society for Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Therapy, and Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase.
Authors: Pratt V.M. , Cavallari L.H. , Fulmer M.L. , Gaedigk A. , Hachad H. , Ji Y. , Kalman L.V. , Ly R.C. , Moyer A.M. , Scott S.A. , et al. .
Source: The Journal Of Molecular Diagnostics : Jmd, 2023 Sep; 25(9), p. 619-629.
EPub date: 2023-07-06 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37419245
Related Citations

The Genetic Testing Reference Materials Coordination Program: Over 10 Years of Support for Pharmacogenomic Testing.
Authors: Scott S.A. .
Source: The Journal Of Molecular Diagnostics : Jmd, 2023 Sep; 25(9), p. 630-633.
EPub date: 2023-07-20 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37481236
Related Citations

An Introductory Tutorial on Cardiovascular Pharmacogenetics for Healthcare Providers.
Authors: Oni-Orisan A. , Tuteja S. , Hoffecker G. , Smith D.M. , Castrichini M. , Crews K.R. , Murphy W.A. , Nguyen N.H.K. , Huang Y. , Lteif C. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023 Aug; 114(2), p. 275-287.
EPub date: 2023-06-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37303270
Related Citations

ACMG SF v3.2 list for reporting of secondary findings in clinical exome and genome sequencing: A policy statement of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).
Authors: Miller D.T. , Lee K. , Abul-Husn N.S. , Amendola L.M. , Brothers K. , Chung W.K. , Gollob M.H. , Gordon A.S. , Harrison S.M. , Hershberger R.E. , et al. .
Source: Genetics In Medicine : Official Journal Of The American College Of Medical Genetics, 2023 Aug; 25(8), p. 100866.
EPub date: 2023-06-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37347242
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, SLC6A4, and HTR2A Genotypes and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants.
Authors: Bousman C.A. , Stevenson J.M. , Ramsey L.B. , Sangkuhl K. , Hicks J.K. , Strawn J.R. , Singh A.B. , Ruaño G. , Mueller D.J. , Tsermpini E.E. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023 Jul; 114(1), p. 51-68.
EPub date: 2023-05-30 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37032427
Related Citations

Expanded Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for Medication Use in the Context of G6PD Genotype.
Authors: Gammal R.S. , Pirmohamed M. , Somogyi A.A. , Morris S.A. , Formea C.M. , Elchynski A.L. , Oshikoya K.A. , McLeod H.L. , Haidar C.E. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023 May; 113(5), p. 973-985.
EPub date: 2022-09-24 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36049896
Related Citations

How to Run the Pharmacogenomics Clinical Annotation Tool (PharmCAT).
Authors: Li B. , Sangkuhl K. , Keat K. , Whaley R.M. , Woon M. , Verma S. , Dudek S. , Tuteja S. , Verma A. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023 May; 113(5), p. 1036-1047.
EPub date: 2022-12-23 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36350094
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: SLCO1B1.
Authors: Ramsey L.B. , Gong L. , Lee S.B. , Wagner J.B. , Zhou X. , Sangkuhl K. , Adams S.M. , Straka R.J. , Empey P.E. , Boone E.C. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2023 Apr; 113(4), p. 782-793.
EPub date: 2022-07-27 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35797228
Related Citations

The Role of Global and Local Ancestry on Clopidogrel Response in African Americans.
Authors: Yang G. , Alarcon C. , Friedman P. , Gong L. , Klein T. , O'Brien T. , Nutescu E.A. , Tuck M. , Meltzer D. , Perera M.A. .
Source: Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing, 2023; 28, p. 221-232.
PMID: 36540979
Related Citations

Promises and challenges in pharmacoepigenetics.
Authors: Smith D.A. , Sadler M.C. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Cambridge Prisms. Precision Medicine, 2023; 1, p. e18.
EPub date: 2023-02-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 37560024
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP3A5.
Authors: Rodriguez-Antona C. , Savieo J.L. , Lauschke V.M. , Sangkuhl K. , Drögemöller B.I. , Wang D. , van Schaik R.H.N. , Gilep A.A. , Peter A.P. , Boone E.C. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2022 Dec; 112(6), p. 1159-1171.
EPub date: 2022-03-29 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35202484
Related Citations

Evaluating the frequency and the impact of pharmacogenetic alleles in an ancestrally diverse Biobank population.
Authors: Verma S.S. , Keat K. , Li B. , Hoffecker G. , Risman M. , Regeneron Genetics Center , Sangkuhl K. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Dudek S. , Verma A. , et al. .
Source: Journal Of Translational Medicine, 2022-11-28 00:00:00.0; 20(1), p. 550.
EPub date: 2022-11-28 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36443877
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for CYP2C19 Genotype and Clopidogrel Therapy: 2022 Update.
Authors: Lee C.R. , Luzum J.A. , Sangkuhl K. , Gammal R.S. , Sabatine M.S. , Stein C.M. , Kisor D.F. , Limdi N.A. , Lee Y.M. , Scott S.A. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2022 Nov; 112(5), p. 959-967.
EPub date: 2022-02-08 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35034351
Related Citations

TPMT and NUDT15 Genotyping Recommendations: A Joint Consensus Recommendation of the Association for Molecular Pathology, Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, College of American Pathologists, Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group of the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association, European Society for Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Therapy, and Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase.
Authors: Pratt V.M. , Cavallari L.H. , Fulmer M.L. , Gaedigk A. , Hachad H. , Ji Y. , Kalman L.V. , Ly R.C. , Moyer A.M. , Scott S.A. , et al. .
Source: The Journal Of Molecular Diagnostics : Jmd, 2022 Oct; 24(10), p. 1051-1063.
EPub date: 2022-08-02 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35931343
Related Citations

PharmGKB summary: acyclovir/ganciclovir pathway.
Authors: Maillard M. , Gong L. , Nishii R. , Yang J.J. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Pharmacogenetics And Genomics, 2022-07-01 00:00:00.0; 32(5), p. 201-208.
EPub date: 2022-05-30 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35665708
Related Citations

The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for SLCO1B1, ABCG2, and CYP2C9 genotypes and Statin-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms.
Authors: Cooper-DeHoff R.M. , Niemi M. , Ramsey L.B. , Luzum J.A. , Tarkiainen E.K. , Straka R.J. , Gong L. , Tuteja S. , Wilke R.A. , Wadelius M. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2022 May; 111(5), p. 1007-1021.
EPub date: 2022-03-11 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 35152405
Related Citations

PharmGKB summary: heparin-induced thrombocytopenia pathway, adverse drug reaction.
Authors: Miller E. , Norwood C. , Giles J.B. , Huddart R. , Karnes J.H. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Pharmacogenetics And Genomics, 2022-04-01 00:00:00.0; 32(3), p. 117-124.
PMID: 35102073
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for the Use of Aminoglycosides Based on MT-RNR1 Genotype.
Authors: McDermott J.H. , Wolf J. , Hoshitsuki K. , Huddart R. , Caudle K.E. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Steyger P.S. , Smith R.J.H. , Cody N. , Rodriguez-Antona C. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2022 Feb; 111(2), p. 366-372.
EPub date: 2021-06-20 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34032273
Related Citations

An Investigation of the Knowledge Overlap between Pharmacogenomics and Disease Genetics.
Authors: Li B. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Wright M.W. , Babb L. , Rehm H.L. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing, 2022; 27, p. 385-396.
PMID: 34890165
Related Citations

Quantifying the Severity of Adverse Drug Reactions Using Social Media: Network Analysis.
Authors: Lavertu A. , Hamamsy T. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 2021-10-21 00:00:00.0; 23(10), p. e27714.
EPub date: 2021-10-21 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34673524
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for CYP2D6, OPRM1, and COMT Genotypes and Select Opioid Therapy.
Authors: Crews K.R. , Monte A.A. , Huddart R. , Caudle K.E. , Kharasch E.D. , Gaedigk A. , Dunnenberger H.M. , Leeder J.S. , Callaghan J.T. , Samer C.F. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Oct; 110(4), p. 888-896.
EPub date: 2021-02-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33387367
Related Citations

Pharmacogene Variation Consortium: A Global Resource and Repository for Pharmacogene Variation.
Authors: Gaedigk A. , Casey S.T. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Miller N.A. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 542-545.
EPub date: 2021-06-29 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34091888
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP2C9.
Authors: Sangkuhl K. , Claudio-Campos K. , Cavallari L.H. , Agundez J.A.G. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Duconge J. , Del Tredici A.L. , Wadelius M. , Rodrigues Botton M. , Woodahl E.L. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 662-676.
EPub date: 2021-07-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34109627
Related Citations

Recommendations for Clinical CYP2D6 Genotyping Allele Selection: A Joint Consensus Recommendation of the Association for Molecular Pathology, College of American Pathologists, Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group of the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association, and the European Society for Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Therapy.
Authors: Pratt V.M. , Cavallari L.H. , Del Tredici A.L. , Gaedigk A. , Hachad H. , Ji Y. , Kalman L.V. , Ly R.C. , Moyer A.M. , Scott S.A. , et al. .
Source: The Journal Of Molecular Diagnostics : Jmd, 2021 Sep; 23(9), p. 1047-1064.
EPub date: 2021-06-10 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34118403
Related Citations

Genome-Wide Approach to Measure Variant-Based Heritability of Drug Outcome Phenotypes.
Authors: Muhammad A. , Aka I.T. , Birdwell K.A. , Gordon A.S. , Roden D.M. , Wei W.Q. , Mosley J.D. , Van Driest S.L. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 714-722.
EPub date: 2021-07-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34151428
Related Citations

Genomewide Association Studies in Pharmacogenomics.
Authors: McInnes G. , Yee S.W. , Pershad Y. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 637-648.
EPub date: 2021-07-18 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34185318
Related Citations

An Evidence-Based Framework for Evaluating Pharmacogenomics Knowledge for Personalized Medicine.
Authors: Whirl-Carrillo M. , Huddart R. , Gong L. , Sangkuhl K. , Thorn C.F. , Whaley R. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 563-572.
EPub date: 2021-07-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34216021
Related Citations

Advancing Precision Medicine Through the New Pharmacogenomics Global Research Network.
Authors: Giacomini K.M. , Karnes J.H. , Crews K.R. , Monte A.A. , Murphy W.A. , Oni-Orisan A. , Ramsey L.B. , Yang J.J. , Whirl-Carrillo M. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Sep; 110(3), p. 559-562.
EPub date: 2021-07-28 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34318925
Related Citations

PharmGKB, an Integrated Resource of Pharmacogenomic Knowledge.
Authors: Gong L. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Current Protocols, 2021 Aug; 1(8), p. e226.
PMID: 34387941
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP2B6.
Authors: Desta Z. , El-Boraie A. , Gong L. , Somogyi A.A. , Lauschke V.M. , Dandara C. , Klein K. , Miller N.A. , Klein T.E. , Tyndale R.F. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Jul; 110(1), p. 82-97.
EPub date: 2021-03-11 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33448339
Related Citations

Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2C19 and Proton Pump Inhibitor Dosing.
Authors: Lima J.J. , Thomas C.D. , Barbarino J. , Desta Z. , Van Driest S.L. , El Rouby N. , Johnson J.A. , Cavallari L.H. , Shakhnovich V. , Thacker D.L. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Jun; 109(6), p. 1417-1423.
EPub date: 2020-09-20 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 32770672
Related Citations

Pharmacogenetics at Scale: An Analysis of the UK Biobank.
Authors: McInnes G. , Lavertu A. , Sangkuhl K. , Klein T.E. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Jun; 109(6), p. 1528-1537.
EPub date: 2020-12-17 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33237584
Related Citations

A New Era in Pharmacovigilance: Toward Real-World Data and Digital Monitoring.
Authors: Lavertu A. , Vora B. , Giacomini K.M. , Altman R. , Rensi S. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 May; 109(5), p. 1197-1202.
EPub date: 2021-02-28 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33492663
Related Citations

Expanding evidence leads to new pharmacogenomics payer coverage.
Authors: Empey P.E. , Pratt V.M. , Hoffman J.M. , Caudle K.E. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Genetics In Medicine : Official Journal Of The American College Of Medical Genetics, 2021 May; 23(5), p. 830-832.
EPub date: 2021-02-24 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33627827
Related Citations

Opportunities and challenges for the computational interpretation of rare variation in clinically important genes.
Authors: McInnes G. , Sharo A.G. , Koleske M.L. , Brown J.E.H. , Norstad M. , Adhikari A.N. , Wang S. , Brenner S.E. , Halpern J. , Koenig B.A. , et al. .
Source: American Journal Of Human Genetics, 2021-04-01 00:00:00.0; 108(4), p. 535-548.
PMID: 33798442
Related Citations

PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP2C19.
Authors: Botton M.R. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Del Tredici A.L. , Sangkuhl K. , Cavallari L.H. , Agúndez J.A.G. , Duconge J. , Lee M.T.M. , Woodahl E.L. , Claudio-Campos K. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Feb; 109(2), p. 352-366.
EPub date: 2020-07-22 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 32602114
Related Citations

Modeling drug response using network-based personalized treatment prediction (NetPTP) with applications to inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: Han L. , Sayyid Z.N. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Plos Computational Biology, 2021 Feb; 17(2), p. e1008631.
EPub date: 2021-02-05 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33544718
Related Citations

PharmGKB Tutorial for Pharmacogenomics of Drugs Potentially Used in the Context of COVID-19.
Authors: Huddart R. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Altman R.B. , Klein T.E. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2021 Jan; 109(1), p. 116-122.
EPub date: 2020-10-24 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 32978778
Related Citations

Verifying nomenclature of DNA variants in submitted manuscripts: Guidance for journals.
Authors: Higgins J. , Dalgleish R. , den Dunnen J.T. , Barsh G. , Freeman P.J. , Cooper D.N. , Cullinan S. , Davies K.E. , Dorkins H. , Gong L. , et al. .
Source: Human Mutation, 2021 Jan; 42(1), p. 3-7.
EPub date: 2020-12-10 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33252176
Related Citations

Drug Response Pharmacogenetics for 200,000 UK Biobank Participants.
Authors: McInnes G. , Altman R.B. .
Source: Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium On Biocomputing, 2021; 26, p. 184-195.
PMID: 33691016
Related Citations

Genomewide Association Study of Platelet Reactivity and Cardiovascular Response in Patients Treated With Clopidogrel: A Study by the International Clopidogrel Pharmacogenomics Consortium.
Authors: Verma S.S. , Bergmeijer T.O. , Gong L. , Reny J.L. , Lewis J.P. , Mitchell B.D. , Alexopoulos D. , Aradi D. , Altman R.B. , Bliden K. , et al. .
Source: Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics, 2020 Nov; 108(5), p. 1067-1077.
EPub date: 2020-07-09 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 32472697
Related Citations

Transfer learning enables prediction of CYP2D6 haplotype function.
Authors: McInnes G. , Dalton R. , Sangkuhl K. , Whirl-Carrillo M. , Lee S.B. , Tsao P.S. , Gaedigk A. , Altman R.B. , Woodahl E.L. .
Source: Plos Computational Biology, 2020 Nov; 16(11), p. e1008399.
EPub date: 2020-11-02 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33137098
Related Citations