Grant Number:	5R01CA236791-04 Interpret this number
Primary Investigator:	Kellman, Philip
Organization:	University Of California Los Angeles
Project Title:	Perceptual and Adaptive Learning in Cancer Image Interpretation
Fiscal Year:	2022

Project Summary/Abstract Cancer screening from visual displays, as in dermatology and radiology, depends crucially on the expertise of medical practitioners, but current data indicate that even among experienced professionals there are significant and persistent error rates. While there have been impressive advances in the technologies of medical imaging, considerably less attention has been paid to the learning processes involved in the training of medical image interpretation. Research in perception and cognition indicates that the central process by which people become able to detect and classify complex and subtle patterns and structures in visual images is a process known as perceptual learning. Through perceptual learning mechanisms, with appropriate practice in a given domain, the brain progressively improves information extraction to optimize task performance. These mechanisms are largely unaffected by the traditional didactic instruction common in medical education; instead, they depend on interaction with large numbers of examples with task-relevant feedback. Recent work has shown that application of principles of perceptual learning can dramatically accelerate accuracy and fluency in medical learning domains. Evidence suggests that these training methods can be markedly enhanced, and customized for individual learners, by incorporating novel adaptive learning algorithms based on principles of learning and memory. The primary aim of this project is to investigate principles and mechanisms of perceptual and adaptive learning in the learning of multiple diagnostic categories in dermatologic screening and mammography, with the ultimate aim of improving training and proficiency in cancer image interpretation. Studies with novices in lab settings will establish basic principles and hypotheses, and selective studies with nurse melanographers, residents, and physicians will test validation with actual practitioners. Culminating studies of melanographers in actual dermatologic screening settings will compare practitioners who train with best-practices perceptual- adaptive learning modules (PALMs) to control participants. Specific studies will investigate the incorporation of signal detection concepts into adaptive perceptual learning systems; the role of comparisons in defining and differentiating perceptual categories; the relative benefits of passive and active learning episodes across learning phases; and the relationship between the stringency of mastery criteria and the degree to which resulting performance is accurate, fluent, generalizable, and long-lasting.




Adaptively triggered comparisons enhance perceptual category learning: evidence from face learning.
Authors: Jacoby V.L. , Massey C.M. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Scientific Reports, 2024-08-27 00:00:00.0; 14(1), p. 19814.
EPub date: 2024-08-27 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 39191799
Related Citations

Connecting Adaptive Perceptual Learning and Signal Detection Theory in Skin Cancer Screening.
Authors: Kellman P.J. , Krasne S. , Massey C.M. , Mettler E.W. .
Source: Cogsci ... Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (u.s.). Conference, 2023 Jul; 45, p. 3251-3258.
PMID: 38174054
Related Citations

Training visual pattern recognition in ophthalmology using a perceptual and adaptive learning module.
Authors: Ahmad T.R. , Ashraf D.C. , Kellman P.J. , Krasne S. , Ramanathan S. .
Source: Canadian Journal Of Ophthalmology. Journal Canadien D'ophtalmologie, 2023-03-15 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2023-03-15 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36933567
Related Citations

Multiple expressions of "expert" abnormality gist in novices following perceptual learning.
Authors: DiGirolamo G.J. , DiDominica M. , Qadri M.A.J. , Kellman P.J. , Krasne S. , Massey C. , Rosen M.P. .
Source: Cognitive Research: Principles And Implications, 2023-02-01 00:00:00.0; 8(1), p. 10.
EPub date: 2023-02-01 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36723822
Related Citations

Comparisons in Adaptive Perceptual Category Learning.
Authors: Jacoby V.L. , Massey C.M. , Mettler E. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Cogsci ... Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (u.s.). Conference, 2022 Jul; 44, p. 2372-2378.
PMID: 37404325
Related Citations

Novel Education Modules Addressing the Underrepresentation of Skin of Color in Dermatology Training.
Authors: Slaught C. , Madu P. , Chang A.Y. , Williams V.L. , Kebaetse M.B. , Nkomazana O. , Molefe-Baikai O.J. , Bekele N.A. , Omech B. , Kellman P.J. , et al. .
Source: Journal Of Cutaneous Medicine And Surgery, 2022 Jan-Feb; 26(1), p. 17-24.
EPub date: 2021-08-02 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34340596
Related Citations

Configural relations in humans and deep convolutional neural networks.
Authors: Baker N. , Garrigan P. , Phillips A. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Frontiers In Artificial Intelligence, 2022; 5, p. 961595.
EPub date: 2023-03-01 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 36937367
Related Citations

Evaluating the Use of Supplemental Training Technologies in Dermatology Education.
Authors: Aycock M.M. , Marker C.D. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Journal Of Dermatology For Physician Assistants : Official Journal Of The Society Of Dermatology Physician Assistants, 2021 Fall; 15(4), p. 16-23.
PMID: 35719324
Related Citations

Mastering Electrocardiogram Interpretation Skills Through a Perceptual and Adaptive Learning Module.
Authors: Krasne S. , Stevens C.D. , Kellman P.J. , Niemann J.T. .
Source: Aem Education And Training, 2021 Apr; 5(2), p. e10454.
EPub date: 2020-05-05 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33796803
Related Citations

Constant curvature modeling of abstract shape representation.
Authors: Baker N. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Plos One, 2021; 16(8), p. e0254719.
EPub date: 2021-08-02 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 34339436
Related Citations

Constant curvature segments as building blocks of 2D shape representation.
Authors: Baker N. , Garrigan P. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Journal Of Experimental Psychology. General, 2020-12-17 00:00:00.0; , .
EPub date: 2020-12-17 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 33332142
Related Citations

Local features and global shape information in object classification by deep convolutional neural networks.
Authors: Baker N. , Lu H. , Erlikhman G. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Vision Research, 2020 07; 172, p. 46-61.
EPub date: 2020-05-12 00:00:00.0.
PMID: 32413803
Related Citations

Comparing Adaptive and Random Spacing Schedules during Learning to Mastery Criteria.
Authors: Mettler E. , Burke T. , Massey C.M. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Cogsci ... Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (u.s.). Conference, 2020 Jul-Aug; 2020, p. 773-779.
PMID: 34337609
Related Citations

The Synergy of Passive and Active Learning Modes in Adaptive Perceptual Learning.
Authors: Mettler E. , Phillips A.S. , Massey C.M. , Burke T. , Garrigan P. , Kellman P.J. .
Source: Cogsci ... Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (u.s.). Conference, 2019 Jul; 2019, p. 2351-2357.
PMID: 37986716
Related Citations