Grant Details
Grant Number: |
3R01CA207228-05S1 Interpret this number |
Primary Investigator: |
Taylor, Kathryn |
Organization: |
Georgetown University |
Project Title: |
Integrating Evidence-Based Smoking Cessation Interventions Into Lung Cancer Screening Programs: a Randomized Trial |
Fiscal Year: |
2020 |
Abstract
Lung cancer mortality can be reduced by 20% via CT screening and treatment of early stage disease. Maximum
health impact from screening will only be achieved if high-risk smokers undergoing lung screening receive
assistance to stop smoking. While there are several known effective cessation interventions, many of these are
not scalable within diverse community-based lung cancer screening programs or with smokers who are not
seeking cessation treatment. Our goal is to develop a scalable and cost-effective cessation intervention for
widespread implementation to yield the greatest benefits and the lowest costs to both individuals and society.
Guided by the RE-AIM Framework, we are proposing a pragmatic telephone counseling RCT, designed at the
intersection of scalability and intensity, for future implementation within the national tobacco quitline. Our
experienced team will conduct a randomized trial of 1330 smokers who have registered for screening at 5
diverse screening sites, comparing: 1) usual care (UC): participant-initiated (‘reactive’) telephone counseling
(TC), in which smokers receive a referral to call in for the standard protocol of up to 8 counseling sessions and
free NRT, vs. 2) a multi-faceted, 8-session, ‘proactive,’ counselor-initiated telephone counseling (CITC)
protocol, tailored on screening result, with NRT provided at the screening exam, and with primary care
engagement. Both arms receive brief advice to quit at the screening clinic, both English and Spanish speakers
are included, and tobacco treatment specialists will conduct the TC. The goal of the CITC arm is to leverage the
increased motivation provided by the teachable moment of lung screening and to counteract the potential for
reduced motivation to quit following a normal result. Further, two important aspects of our approach include
a cost-effectiveness analysis and use of the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET)
to evaluate the costs of the interventions relative to their impact on short- and long-term smoking-related
outcomes. By including all smokers, regardless of readiness to quit, personalizing their tobacco-related health
risks, and providing an evidence-based cessation intervention, we expect that the CITC arm will yield
substantially higher quit rates with excellent potential for widespread implementation, resulting in a cost-
effective intervention. The aims are: 1) To compare counselor-initiated telephone counseling (CITC) vs.
usual care (UC) referral to standard telephone counseling, with biochemically verified 7-day, 30-day, and
sustained abstinence. Intervention mediators and moderators will be assessed. 2) To evaluate reach and
engagement of the interventions. 3) To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of CITC vs UC, in terms of cost per
6- and 12-month abstinence rates and quit attempts. The CISNET model will project the long-term impact of
the interventions on cost per life year saved and quality-adjusted life years saved, lung cancer mortality
reduction, and overall population mortality. This study will have a substantial public health impact by
providing critical data to address scalability efforts by screening centers, insurers, and policy-makers.
Publications
None. See parent grant details.